Urban Planning Memes as AICP Study Prep
Variances are for special situations.
The functional classification system.
A connectivity index is a ratio that determines how many connection points and intersections a subdivision must have. Connectivity provides accessibility to adjacent planner or existing streets and subdivisions as well as circulation options within a subdivision.
Zoning was upheld as constitutional in Euclid v. Ambler Realty
Clarence Perry's "Neighborhood Unit"
Zoning variances require a finding of fact of the existence of a hardship beyond the control of the property owner.
Nolan = essential nexus. Dolan = roughly proportional
Zero Based Budgeting is a cost-benefit analysis for all decision-making in an organization.
"Planning problems are wicked problems." - Rittel and Webber (1973)
Connectivity Index refers to links (streets) and nodes (intersections) for subdivisions. Subdivisions should be interconnected within itself and stubbed out to other existing or future subdivisions.
Ebenezer Howard (1898), Garden Cities
Function is one of five dimensions in LBCS. Land Based Classification Standards (LBCS) color codes standardize color coding for land use and structure types. Each dimension is an attribute that takes the appropriate four-digit code.
Permit vesting statutes vary by state. Vesting is only valid from the beginning of legal activity.
Complete streets are multi-modal.
"Concentric Zone Model" - Ernest Burgess (1925)
Proper notification is not only law, but also an ethical responsibility as a planner.
Daniel Burnham, City Beautiful Movement, Plan for Chicago
A chicane is a traffic calming device.
MPOs link local control to federal transportation dollars. Working with State DOTs on projects that implement a variety of transportation goals.
Under Dillon's Rule, a municipal government has authority to act only when :
(1) the power is granted in the express words of the statute, private act, or charter creating the municipal corporation;
(2) the power is necessarily or fairly implied in, or incident to the powers expressly granted; or
(3) the power is one that is neither expressly granted nor fairly implied from the express grants of power, but is otherwise implied as essential to the declared objects and purposes of the corporation.
Hawaii was the first state to adopt statewide zoning (1961).